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Ka Hoʻokaʻawale ʻana a me ka Hoʻolauna ʻana o ka Refrigerant Chiller Wai ʻOihana

Ma muli o nā ʻano kemika, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā refrigerants chiller ʻoihana i 5 mau ʻāpana: nā refrigerants hui inorganic, freon, nā refrigerants hydrocarbon saturated, nā refrigerants hydrocarbon unsaturated, a me nā refrigerants hui azeotropic. Wahi a ke kaomi condensing, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā refrigerants chiller i 3 mau ʻāpana: nā refrigerants wela kiʻekiʻe (haʻahaʻa-kaomi), nā refrigerants wela waena (medium-kaomi), a me nā refrigerants wela haʻahaʻa (kiʻekiʻe-kaomi). ʻO nā refrigerants i hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā chillers ʻoihana he ammonia, freon, a me hydrocarbons.

2023-02-24

I ke kahua mua o ka hoʻomohala ʻoihana, ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo R12 a me R22 i ka hapa nui o nā lako hoʻomaʻalili ʻoihana. He nui loa ka hiki ke hoʻomaʻalili o R12, a kiʻekiʻe hoʻi kona pono ikehu. Akā ua hōʻino nui ʻo R12 i ka papa ozone a ua pāpā ʻia ma ka hapa nui o nā ʻāina.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā Refrigerants R-134a, R-410a, a me R-407c, e like me ke koi palekana kaiapuni o ka honua, i loko o nā chillers ʻoihana S&A :

Mea Hoʻomaʻalili (1)R-134a (Tetrafluoroethane)

ʻO R-134a kahi refrigerant i ʻike ʻia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano he pani no R12. Loaʻa iā ia ka mahana evaporation o -26.5°C a kaʻana like i nā waiwai thermodynamic like me R12. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole like me R12, ʻaʻole hōʻino ʻo R-134a i ka papa ozone. Ma muli o kēia, hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i nā ea hoʻoluʻu kaʻa, nā ʻōnaehana hoʻomaʻalili kalepa a me nā ʻoihana, a ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohua no ka hana ʻana i nā mea insulation plastic paʻakikī. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo R-134a e hana i nā refrigerants hui ʻē aʻe, e like me R404A a me R407C. ʻO kāna noi nui ma ke ʻano he refrigerant ʻē aʻe i ka R12 i nā ea hoʻoluʻu kaʻa a me ka hoʻomaʻalili pahu hau.

Mea Hoʻomaʻalili (2)R-410a

Nā Waiwai Kino a me nā Kemika: Ma lalo o ka mahana a me ke kaomi maʻamau, ʻo R-410a kahi refrigerant i hui ʻia me ka chlorine ʻole, fluoroalkane, non-azeotropic. He kinoea liquefied ʻole ia i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o nā cylinders kila. Me ka Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) o 0, ʻo R-410a kahi refrigerant aloha kaiapuni ʻaʻole ia e hōʻino i ka papa ozone.

Ka Hoʻohana Nui: Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo R-410a ma ke ʻano he pani no R22 a me R502. Ua kaulana ia no kona maʻemaʻe, haʻahaʻa ka ʻawahia, ʻaʻole hiki ke puhi ʻia, a me ka hana hoʻoluʻu maikaʻi loa. ʻO ka hopena, hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i nā ea hoʻoluʻu hale, nā ea hoʻoluʻu kalepa liʻiliʻi, a me nā ea hoʻoluʻu kikowaena hale.

Mea Hoʻomaʻalili (3)R-407C

Nā Waiwai Kino a me nā Kemika: ʻO R-407C kahi refrigerant i hui pū ʻia me ka fluoroalkane ʻaʻohe chlorine ma lalo o ka mahana a me ke kaomi maʻamau. He kinoea liquefied ʻole ia, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i mālama ʻia i loko o nā cylinders kila. Loaʻa iā ia kahi Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) o 0, e lilo ana ia i refrigerant aloha i ke kaiapuni ʻaʻole ia e hōʻino i ka papa ozone.

Ka Hoʻohana Nui: Ma ke ʻano he pani no R22, ʻike ʻia ʻo R-407C e kona maʻemaʻe, haʻahaʻa ka ʻawahia, ʻaʻole hiki ke puhi ʻia, a me ka hana hoʻoluʻu maikaʻi loa, hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā ea ea o ka hale a me nā ea ea waena liʻiliʻi a me waena.

I kēia au o ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻoihana, ua lilo ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni i mea hopohopo nui, e hoʻolilo ana i ka "neutrality carbon" i mea nui. I ka pane ʻana i kēia ʻano, ke hana nei ka mea hana chiller ʻoihana S&A i kahi hoʻoikaika like e hoʻohana i nā refrigerants e pili ana i ke kaiapuni. Ma ka hoʻolaha pū ʻana i ka pono o ka ikehu a me ka hoʻēmi ʻana i nā hoʻokuʻu ʻana, hiki iā mākou ke hana i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi "kauhale honua" i hōʻailona ʻia e nā ʻāina kūlohelohe maʻemaʻe.