Izindaba Zokubhebhana
Ukulawula Ukushisa Okunembile Kwezinhlelo Ze-Laser Nezicelo Zezimboni Kusukela ngo-2002
Ulimi
Ngokusekelwe ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali, iziqandisi ezibandayo zasezimbonini zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezi-5: iziqandisi ezihlanganisiwe ezingaphili, i-freon, iziqandisi ze-hydrocarbon ezigcwele, iziqandisi ze-hydrocarbon ezingagcwalisiwe, neziqandisi eziyingxube ze-azeotropic. Ngokuvumelana nengcindezi yokujiya, iziqandisi ezibandayo zingahlukaniswa zibe izigaba ezi-3: iziqandisi ezishisa kakhulu (umfutho ophansi), iziqandisi ezisezingeni lokushisa elimaphakathi (ingcindezi emaphakathi), neziqandisi ezinokushisa okuphansi (umfutho ophezulu). Iziqandisi ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kumakhaza ezimboni yi-ammonia, i-freon, nama-hydrocarbon.
Ekuqaleni kokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni, u-R12 no-R22 wasetshenziswa emishinini eminingi yesiqandisi yezimboni. Umthamo wokupholisa we-R12 mkhulu kakhulu, futhi amandla ayo okusebenza kahle nawo aphezulu. Kodwa u-R12 wabangela umonakalo omkhulu ongqimbeni lwe-ozone futhi wenqatshelwe emazweni amaningi.
Iziqandisi i-R-134a, i-R-410a, ne-R-407c, ngokuhambisana nemfuneko yokuvikelwa kwemvelo yamazwe ngamazwe, zisetshenziswa S&A ama-chillers wezimboni:
(1)R-134a (Tetrafluoroethane) Isiqandisi
I-R-134a isiqandisi esaziwayo emhlabeni wonke esivame ukusetshenziswa esikhundleni sika-R12. Inezinga lokushisa elihwamukayo elingu -26.5°C futhi ihlanganyela ngezakhiwo ze-thermodynamic ezifanayo no-R12. Nokho, ngokungafani ne-R12, i-R-134a ayinabungozi ongqimbeni lwe-ozone. Ngenxa yalokhu, isetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-air conditioner ezimoto, ezinhlelweni zesiqandisi zezentengiselwano nezimboni, futhi njenge-ejenti enegwebu yokukhiqiza izinto eziqinile zokufakwa kwepulasitiki. I-R-134a ingasetshenziswa futhi ukwakha ezinye iziqandisi ezixubile, njenge-R404A ne-R407C. Isetshenziswa kakhulu njengesiqandisi ku-R12 kuma-air conditioner ezimoto kanye nesiqandisi esiqandisini.
(2)R-410a Isiqandisi
Izakhiwo Zomzimba Nezamakhemikhali: Ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elivamile nokucindezela, i-R-410a iyi-chlorine-free, i-fluoroalkane, isiqandisi esixubile esingeyona i-azeotropic. Kuyigesi engenambala, ecindezelwe ewuketshezi egcinwa kumasilinda ensimbi. Nge-Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) engu-0, i-R-410a iyisiqandisi esivumelana nemvelo esingalimazi ungqimba lwe-ozone.
Isicelo Esiyinhloko: I-R-410a isetshenziswa kakhulu esikhundleni sika-R22 no-R502. Yaziwa ngokuhlanzeka kwayo, ubuthi obuphansi, ukungashi, nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokupholisa. Ngenxa yalokho, isetshenziswa kabanzi kuma-air conditioner asendlini, ama-air conditioner amancane ezentengiselwano, kanye nama-air conditioner asendlini.
(3)R-407C Isiqandisi
Izakhiwo Zomzimba Nezamakhemikhali: I-R-407C iyisiqandisi esixubile se-fluoroalkane esingenayo i-azeotropic ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elivamile nokucindezela. Kuyigesi engenambala, ecindezelwe ewuketshezi egcinwa kumasilinda ensimbi. Ine-Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) engu-0, okuyenza ibe nesiqandisi esivumelana nemvelo esingalimazi ungqimba lwe-ozone.
Isicelo Esiyinhloko: Njengokushintshwa kwe-R22, i-R-407C ibonakala ngokuhlanzeka kwayo, ubuthi obuphansi, ukungashi, kanye nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokupholisa, okusetshenziswe kabanzi kuma-air conditioner asendlini kanye nama-air conditioner amancane naphakathi nendawo.
Esikhathini sanamuhla sokukhula kwezimboni, ukulondolozwa kwemvelo sekuyinto ekhathazayo, okwenza "ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni" kube yinto ehamba phambili. Ukusabela kulo mkhuba, S&A umkhiqizi we-industrial chiller yenza umzamo ohlangene wokusebenzisa iziqandisi ezinobungani nemvelo. Ngokuphromotha ngokuhlanganyela ukusebenza kahle kwamandla nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni, singasebenzela ukwakha "isigodi somhlaba wonke" esibonakala ngezindawo zemvelo ezihlanzekile.
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I-TEYU S&A I-Chiller yasungulwa ngo-2002 ineminyaka engu-22 yesipiliyoni sokukhiqiza okupholile, futhi manje isibonwa njengephayona lobuchwepheshe bokupholisa kanye nozakwethu onokwethenjelwa embonini ye-laser.
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