Izinkinga ze-Metallization ekucubungulweni kwe-semiconductor, njengokuhamba kwe-electromigration kanye nokwanda kokumelana nokuxhumana, kungehlisa ukusebenza kwe-chip nokuthembeka. Lezi zinkinga zibangelwa kakhulu ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kanye nezinguquko ze-microstructural. Izixazululo zihlanganisa ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa okunembile kusetshenziswa ama-chiller embonini, izinqubo ezithuthukisiwe zokuxhumana, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezithuthukisiwe.