Ukuhla koQoqosho | Ukutshintsha okuNgxamisekileyo kunye nokuDityaniswa kwiShishini leLaser laseTshayina

Kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo, ishishini le-laser yemizi-mveliso laseTshayina liye laphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza, libonisa ukusetyenziswa okunamandla ekucutshungulweni kwezinto zesinyithi nezingezizo zesinyithi, kunye noluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Nangona kunjalo, izixhobo ze-laser zihlala ziyimveliso yoomatshini ephenjelelwa ngokuthe ngqo yimfuno yokucubungula esezantsi kwaye ziyatshintshatshintsha ngokwemeko-bume yoqoqosho iyonke.

Ukudodobala koqoqosho kuye kwabangela ukuba imfuno yeemveliso ze-laser inciphe kancinci.

Ukuhla koqoqosho kukhokelele kwimfuno ethambileyo yeemveliso ze-laser kwishishini le-laser laseTshayina ngo-2022. Ngenxa yokuqhambuka rhoqo kobhubhane kunye nokuvalwa kwemimandla okude okuphazamisa imisebenzi eqhelekileyo yezoqoqosho, amashishini e-laser abandakanyeka kwiimfazwe zamaxabiso ukuze afumane ii-odolo. Uninzi lweenkampani ze-laser ezidweliswe esidlangalaleni zibone ukwehla kwenzuzo epheleleyo, ezinye zibona ingeniso eyonyukileyo kodwa zingakhuphuki inzuzo, nto leyo ebangele ukwehla okukhulu kwenzuzo. Ngaloo nyaka, izinga lokukhula kwe-GDP yaseTshayina laliyi-3% kuphela, nto leyo eyayibonisa ukuba liphantsi kakhulu ukusukela ekuqaleni kohlaziyo nokuvulwa kwemisebenzi.

Njengoko singena kwixesha emva kobhubhane ngo-2023, ukwehla koqoqosho okulindelweyo akwenzekanga. Imfuno yoqoqosho lwemizi-mveliso isabuthathaka. Ngexesha lobhubhane, amanye amazwe agcine inani elikhulu leempahla zaseTshayina, kwaye, kwelinye icala, amazwe aphuhlileyo asebenzisa amaqhinga okufudusa iitsheyini zemveliso kunye nokwahlukahlukana kweetsheyini zokubonelela. Ukuhla koqoqosho ngokubanzi kuchaphazela kakhulu imakethi yelaser, okuchaphazela kungekuphela nje ukhuphiswano lwangaphakathi kwicandelo lelaser yemizi-mveliso kodwa kuzisa nemingeni efanayo kumashishini ahlukeneyo.

Phantsi kokhuphiswano oluqatha, iinkampani ziphantsi koxinzelelo lokuba zibandakanyeke kwiimfazwe zamaxabiso.

E-China, ishishini le-laser lidla ngokuba namaxesha emfuno ephezulu nephantsi kunyaka, apho iinyanga zikaMeyi ukuya ku-Agasti zihamba kancinci. Ezinye iinkampani ze-laser zibika ishishini elibi ngeli xesha. Kwimeko apho unikezelo ludlula imfuno, kuye kwavela umjikelo omtsha wemfazwe yamaxabiso, kunye nokhuphiswano olukhulu olukhokelela kutshintsho kwishishini le-laser.

Ngowama-2010, i-nanosecond pulse fiber laser yokuphawula yayixabisa malunga ne-200,000 yuan, kodwa kwiminyaka emi-3 eyadlulayo, ixabiso lalihlile laya kwi-3,500 yuan, lafikelela kwinqanaba apho kwakubonakala ngathi akukho ndawo yokuhla ngakumbi. Ibali liyafana nokusika nge-laser. Ngowama-2015, i-10,000-watt cutting laser yayixabisa i-1.5 yezigidi zeeyuan, kwaye ngo-2023, i-10,000-watt laser eyenziwe ekhaya ixabisa ngaphantsi kwe-200,000 yuan. Iimveliso ezininzi ze-core laser ziye zabona ukwehla okukhulu ngama-90% kumaxabiso kwiminyaka emithandathu ukuya kwesixhenxe edlulileyo. Iinkampani/abasebenzisi be-laser bamazwe ngamazwe banokukufumanisa kunzima ukuqonda indlela iinkampani zaseTshayina ezinokufikelela ngayo kumaxabiso aphantsi kangaka, ezinye iimveliso ezinokuthi zithengise ixabiso eliphantsi.

Le nkqubo yezoshishino ayilungelanga uphuhliso lweshishini le-laser. Uxinzelelo lwemarike lushiye iinkampani zixhalabile - namhlanje, ukuba azithengisi, zinokufumana kunzima ukuthengisa ngomso, njengoko umntu okhuphisana naye esenokuzisa ixabiso eliphantsi nangakumbi.

Uxinzelelo lokunciphisa iindleko ludluliselwa kwiikhonkco ezahlukeneyo kwikhonkco lemizi-mveliso.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, zijongene neemfazwe zamaxabiso, iinkampani ezininzi ze-laser bezihlola iindlela zokunciphisa iindleko zemveliso, nokuba ngemveliso enkulu ukuze kwandiswe iindleko okanye ngotshintsho kuyilo lwezinto kwiimveliso. Umzekelo, izinto ze-aluminium ezintle zeentloko ze-laser welding eziphathwayo zithathelwe indawo yiplastiki, nto leyo ebangele ukonga iindleko kunye nokunciphisa amaxabiso okuthengisa. Nangona kunjalo, olo tshintsho kwizinto kunye nezixhobo, olujolise ekunciphiseni iindleko, ludla ngokukhokelela ekwehleni komgangatho wemveliso, into engafanele ikhuthazwe.

Ngenxa yokuguquguquka okukhulu kwexabiso leyunithi yeemveliso ze-laser, abasebenzisi banethemba elikhulu ngamaxabiso aphantsi, nto leyo ebeka uxinzelelo ngqo kubavelisi bezixhobo. Ikhonkco leshishini le-laser liquka izixhobo, izinto ezisetyenziswayo, ii-laser, izixhobo ezixhasayo, izixhobo ezidibeneyo, usetyenziso lokucubungula, nokunye. Ukuveliswa kwesixhobo se-laser kubandakanya abathengisi abaninzi okanye amakhulu. Ngoko ke, uxinzelelo lokunciphisa amaxabiso ludluliselwa kwiinkampani ze-laser, abavelisi bezinto ezisetyenziswayo, kunye nababoneleli bezinto ezisetyenziswayo. Uxinzelelo lokunciphisa iindleko lukho kuwo onke amanqanaba, nto leyo eyenza lo nyaka ube nzima kwiinkampani ezinxulumene ne-laser.

Emva kokutshintshwa kweshishini, kulindeleke ukuba imeko yemizi-mveliso ibe sempilweni.

Ngowama-2023, indawo yokunciphisa amaxabiso ngakumbi kwiimveliso ezininzi ze-laser, ingakumbi kwizicelo ze-laser zamandla aphakathi nancinci, incinci, nto leyo ebangela inzuzo ephantsi kushishino. Iinkampani ze-laser ezisakhulayo ziye zehla kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo. Amacandelo angaphambili akhuphisana kakhulu afana noomatshini bokuphawula, izipili zokuskena, kunye neentloko zokusika sele etshintshiwe. Abavelisi be-laser yefayibha, ababekade befikelela kwishumi okanye amashumi amabini, ngoku baxixinyelwa. Ezinye iinkampani ezivelisa i-laser ekhawulezayo ziyasokola ngenxa yemfuno encinci yemarike, zixhomekeke kwimali-mboleko yokuxhasa imisebenzi yazo. Ezinye iinkampani ezazingena kwizixhobo ze-laser ezivela kwamanye amashishini ziye zaphuma ngenxa yenzuzo encinci, zibuyela kumashishini azo okuqala. Ezinye iinkampani ze-laser azisekho kuphela ekucutshungulweni kwesinyithi kodwa zitshintshela iimveliso zazo kunye neemarike kwiindawo ezifana nophando, ezonyango, unxibelelwano, i-aerospace, amandla amatsha, kunye novavanyo, zikhuthaza umahluko kunye nokuchonga iindlela ezintsha. Imarike ye-laser iyahlengahlengiswa ngokukhawuleza, kwaye uhlengahlengiso kushishino alunakuphepheka, lukhuthazwa yimeko-bume yoqoqosho ebuthathaka. Sikholelwa ukuba emva kohlengahlengiso nokuhlanganiswa kushishino, ishishini le-laser laseTshayina liya kungena kwinqanaba elitsha lophuhliso oluhle. TEYU I-Chiller Kwakhona siza kuqhubeka nokuqwalasela ngokusondeleyo iindlela zophuhliso lweshishini le-laser, siqhubeke nokuphuhlisa nokuvelisa iimveliso zokupholisa amanzi ezikhuphisanayo ezihlangabezana ngcono neemfuno zokupholisa zezixhobo zokucubungula amashishini, kwaye sizabalazele ukuba yinkokeli yehlabathi. izixhobo zokukhenkcisa zemizi-mveliso .