Akụkọ Laser
Njikwa okpomọkụ ziri ezi maka sistemụ Laser na ngwa nrụpụta kemgbe 2002
Asụsụ
Ekwentị Smart wepụrụ agba nke mbụ chọrọ maka nhazi laser nkenke. Ya mere, ebe ọzọ agba nke ina upsurge na nkenke laser nhazi nwere ike ịbụ? Isi nhazi nhazi laser nkenke maka njedebe dị elu na ibe nwere ike ịghọ ebili mmiri na-esote.
N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, Apple Inc. kwupụtara ntọhapụ nke ọgbọ ọhụrụ nke iPhone 14, na-edebe àgwà nke otu mmelite otu afọ. Ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ na-awụ akpata oyi n'ahụ na "iPhone etolitela ruo ọgbọ nke iri na anọ". Na ngwa ngwa merie n'elu 1 nde online ntinye akwụkwọ na Chinese ahịa. iPhone ka na-ewu ewu na ndị na-eto eto.
Ekwentị Smart wepụrụ agba nke mbụ chọrọ maka nhazi laser nkenke
Ihe karịrị afọ iri gara aga, mgbe a malitere smartphones, teknụzụ nhazi laser ụlọ ọrụ ka nọ n'ogo dị ala. Fiber laser na ultrafast laser bụ ihe ọhụrụ na oghere na ahịa China, ọ bụghị ikwu nhazi laser ziri ezi. Kemgbe afọ 2011, ejirila nke nta nke nta tinye akara akara laser dị ala na China. N'oge ahụ, a na-atụle obere ike siri ike pulse green laser na ultraviolet laser. Ma ugbu a, ultrafast laser ejirila nke nta nke nta mee ihe maka ebumnuche azụmahịa, a na-ekwukwa maka nhazi laser nkenke ultrafast.
Ngwa ngwa nke nhazi laser ziri ezi na-ebutekarị site na mmepe smartphone. Mmepụta nke ihe mmịfe igwefoto, modul akara mkpịsị aka, igodo ụlọ, oghere igwefoto, na igbupụ ogwe ekwentị mkpanaaka na-adịghị ahụkebe, wdg, niile na-erite uru site na nhụsianya teknụzụ nke igbuchapụ laser ultrafast. Azụmahịa nhazi nkenke nke ndị na-emepụta ihe nhazi laser nke China bụ ndị sitere na ngwá electronic. Nke ahụ bụ, agba ikpeazụ nke ọganihu na nhazi laser ziri ezi na-akwado ya site na ngwá electronic ndị ahịa, karịsịa smartphones na panel ngosi.
Ogwe njikwa laser
Kemgbe 2021, ngwaahịa ndị ahịa dị ka smartphones, wristbands na ogwe ngosi egosila ọnọdụ dị ala, na-eduga n'ọchịchọ na-esiwanye ike maka ngwa igwe eletrọnịkị ndị ahịa yana nrụgide ka ukwuu na uto ya. Yabụ na iPhone14 ọhụrụ ahụ nwere ike ịmalite ọganihu nhazi ọhụrụ? Ma na-ekpe ikpe site na nke ugbu a omume na ndị mmadụ na-adịchaghị njikere ịzụta a ọhụrụ ekwentị, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ụfọdụ na smartphones enweghị ike itinye aka na ọhụrụ uto na ahịa ina. 5G na ekwentị a na-agbanwe agbanwe bụ ndị ewu ewu afọ ole na ole gara aga nwere ike weta ngbanwe akụkụ ngwaahịa.Yabụ, kedu n'ọkwa ọzọ nke mkpali elu na nhazi laser ziri ezi nwere ike ịbụ?
Mmụba nke ụlọ ọrụ semiconductor na mgbawa nke china
China bụ ezigbo ụlọ nrụpụta ụwa. Na 2020, uru agbakwunyere nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nke China bụ 28.5% nke oke ụwa. Ọ bụ nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nke China na-eweta nnukwu ahịa ahịa maka nhazi na nrụpụta laser. Otú ọ dị, ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nke China nwere nchịkọta nkà na ụzụ na-adịghị ike na mmalite, na ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ ụlọ ọrụ etiti na nke dị ala. Afọ iri gara aga ahụla nnukwu ọganihu na igwe, ụgbọ njem, ike, injinia mmiri, ikuku ikuku, akụrụngwa mmepụta ihe, wdg, gụnyere mmepe nke lasers na ngwa laser, nke mere ka ọdịiche dị na ọkwa dị elu nke mba ụwa dị ntakịrị.
Dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ sitere na Semiconductor Industry Association si kwuo, China China bụ onye na-ewu ụlọ kacha ngwa ngwa n'ụwa, yana nnukwu fabs 31 na-elekwasị anya na usoro tozuru okè na-atụ anya ka emechaa na njedebe nke 2024; Ọsọ a karịrị nke ukwuu 19 fabs akwadoro itinye n'ọrụ na Taiwan, China n'otu oge ahụ, yana fabs iri na abụọ a tụrụ anya na United States.
N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, China kwupụtara na ụlọ ọrụ sekit nke Shanghai ejikọtala na usoro mgbawa 14nm ma nweta ụfọdụ mmepụta ihe. Maka ụfọdụ ibe n'elu 28nm ejiri na ngwa ụlọ, ụgbọ ala na nkwukọrịta, China na-anya isi karịa usoro mmepụta tozuru oke, ma nwee ike gboo oke achọrọ maka ọtụtụ ibe n'ime. Site na iwebata Iwu CHIPS US, asọmpi teknụzụ mgbawa dị n'etiti China na United States na-akawanye njọ, enwere ike ịnwe njupụta ọkọnọ. 2021 hụrụ mbelata dị ukwuu na mbubata ibe nke China.
Igwe eji arụ ọrụ laser
The laser eji na semiconductor ibe nhazi
Wafers bụ ihe ndị bụ isi nke ngwaahịa semiconductor na ibe, nke kwesịrị ka a na-ehicha ya nke ọma mgbe ọ gachara. N'ọgbọ nke ọzọ, ịcha wafer, nke a makwaara dị ka wafer dicing, dị oke mkpa. Teknụzụ mkpirisi mkpirisi mbụ nke DPSS laser wafer ka emepụtara ma tozuo oke na Europe na United States. Ka ike nke ultrafast lasers na-abawanye, ojiji nke ya ga-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-aghọ isi ihe n'ọdịnihu, karịsịa na usoro dị ka ịcha wafer, oghere micro-drilling, ule beta mechiri emechi. Achọ ikike nke ultrafast laser akụrụngwa na-atụnyere nnukwu.
Ugbu a, enwere ndị na-emepụta akụrụngwa laser ziri ezi na China nke nwere ike ịnye akụrụngwa slotting wafer, nke enwere ike itinye ya na oghere elu nke anụ ọhịa 12-inch n'okpuru usoro 28nm, yana ngwa ịkpụ laser wafer crypto etinyere na ibe ihe mmetụta MEMS, ibe ebe nchekwa na ndị ọzọ. elu-ọgwụgwụ mgbawa n'ichepụta ubi. Na 2020, nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ laser dị na Shenzhen mepụtara akụrụngwa debonding laser iji ghọta nkewa nke iko na mpekere silicon, yana enwere ike iji akụrụngwa mepụta ibe semiconductor dị elu.
Laser Ịcha Chip Wafer
N'etiti afọ 2022, ụlọ ọrụ laser dị na Wuhan rụpụtara akụrụngwa na-emezigharị laser zuru oke, nke etinyere nke ọma na ọgwụgwọ elu laser n'ọhịa ibe. Ngwa ahụ na-eji laser femtosecond dị elu yana ike pulse dị oke ala iji mee mgbanwe laser n'elu ihe semiconductor dị na nso micron, si otú a na-eme ka arụmọrụ nke ngwaọrụ semiconductor optoelectronic dịkwuo mma. Ngwa ahụ dabara adaba maka ọnụ ahịa dị elu, ọwa dị warara (≥20um) semiconductor SiC, GaAs, LiTaO3 na mbelata mgbawa n'ime mgbawa ọzọ, dị ka ibe silicon, ibe ihe mmetụta MEMS, ibe CMOS, wdg.
China na-alụ ọgụ isi nsogbu teknụzụ nke igwe lithography, nke ga-eme ka ọchịchọ nke laser excimer na lasers ultraviolet dị oke metụtara iji igwe lithography, mana enwere obere nyocha na mpaghara a tupu China.
Isi nhazi nhazi laser nkenke maka njedebe dị elu na ibe nwere ike ịghọ ebili mmiri na-esote
N'ihi adịghị ike na China's semiconductor mgbawa ụlọ ọrụ na mbụ, e nwere obere nnyocha na ngwa na laser nhazi ibe, nke e bu ụzọ jiri na mgbakọ ọnụ nke ala ala electronic ngwaahịa. N'ọdịnihu, isi ahịa maka nhazi laser ziri ezi na China ga-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-esi na nhazi nke akụkụ eletrọnịkị n'ozuzu gaa na ihe ndị dị elu na ihe ndị bụ isi, karịsịa nkwadebe nke ihe semiconductor, biomedical, na polymer ihe.
A ga-emepụta usoro ngwa ngwa laser ọzọ na ụlọ ọrụ mgbawa semiconductor. Maka ngwaahịa mgbawa dị elu, nhazi ngwa anya na-enweghị kọntaktị bụ ụzọ kachasị mma. Site na nnukwu ọchịchọ maka ibe, ụlọ ọrụ mgbawa nwere ike itinye aka n'ọkwa ọzọ nke ọchịchọ maka ngwa nhazi laser ziri ezi.
TEYU S&A Chiller tọrọ ntọala na 2002 na afọ 22 nke ahụmịhe nrụpụta chiller, ma ugbu a a ghọtara ya dị ka onye ọsụ ụzọ teknụzụ jụrụ oyi na onye mmekọ a pụrụ ịdabere na ya na ụlọ ọrụ laser.
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