Kodi Round Next of Boom In Precision Laser Processing Ili Kuti?

Pazaka zingapo zapitazi, Apple Inc. adalengeza mwalamulo kutulutsidwa kwa m'badwo watsopano wa iPhone 14, kusunga chizolowezi chosintha kamodzi pachaka. Ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri amadabwa kuti "iPhone yakula mpaka m'badwo wa 14". Ndipo idapambana mwachangu kusungitsa malo opitilira 1 miliyoni pa intaneti pamsika waku China. iPhone akadali wotchuka ndi achinyamata.

Mafoni a m'manja ayamba ulendo woyamba wofuna kukonza makina olondola a laser

Zaka zoposa khumi zapitazo, pamene mafoni a m'manja amangotulutsidwa kumene, teknoloji yopangira laser ya mafakitale inali idakali yotsika. Fiber laser ndi ultrafast laser zinali zinthu zatsopano komanso zopanda kanthu pamsika waku China, osanena kuti kukonza kwa laser molondola. Kuyambira 2011, kuyika chizindikiro kwa laser kwakhala kukugwiritsidwa ntchito pang'onopang'ono ku China. Panthawiyo, mphamvu yaying'ono yolimba ya laser yobiriwira ndi laser ya ultraviolet idakambidwa. Ndipo tsopano, ultrafast laser pang'onopang'ono wakhala ntchito zolinga malonda, ndi Ultrafast mwatsatanetsatane laser processing akukambidwa.

Kugwiritsa ntchito kwakukulu kwaukadaulo wa laser kumayendetsedwa makamaka ndi chitukuko cha smartphone. Kupanga kwazithunzi zamakamera, ma module a zala, makiyi a HOME, mabowo akhungu a kamera, ndikudula mapanelo amafoni osakhazikika, ndi zina zambiri, zonse zimapindula ndi luso laukadaulo la kudula kolondola kwambiri kwa laser. Bizinesi yokonza mwatsatanetsatane ya opanga makina opanga ma laser aku China akuchokera kumagetsi ogula. Ndiko kunena kuti, kuzungulira komaliza kwa boom mu kulondola kwa laser processing kumayendetsedwa ndi zamagetsi ogula, makamaka mafoni a m'manja ndi mapanelo owonetsera.

Laser Panel kudula

Kuyambira 2021, zinthu zomwe ogula amagula monga mafoni a m'manja, zovala zovala pamanja ndi mapanelo owonetsera zawonetsa kutsika, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti pakhale kufunikira kocheperako kwa zida zopangira zida zamagetsi komanso kupanikizika kwakukulu pakukula kwake. Ndiye kodi iPhone14 yatsopano ingayambitse kuzungulira kwatsopano kwa boom? Koma potengera zomwe zikuchitika pano kuti anthu safuna kugula foni yatsopano, ndizotsimikizika kuti mafoni sangathandizire pakukula kwa msika. Mafoni a 5G ndi opindika omwe adadziwika zaka zingapo zapitazo atha kungobweretsa m'malo pang'ono. Ndiye, komwe kuzungulira kotsatira kofunikira pakuwongolera kolondola kwa laser kungakhale kuti?

Kukula kwamakampani aku China a semiconductor ndi chip

China ndi fakitale yodalirika padziko lonse lapansi. Mu 2020, mtengo wowonjezera wamakampani opanga zinthu ku China umakhala 28.5% ya magawo apadziko lonse lapansi. Ndi makampani akuluakulu aku China opanga zinthu zomwe zimabweretsa msika waukulu wopangira laser ndi kupanga. Komabe, makampani opanga ku China ali ndi luso lochepa laukadaulo koyambirira, ndipo ambiri mwa iwo ndi mafakitale apakati komanso otsika. Zaka khumi zapitazi zawona kupita patsogolo kwakukulu pamakina, mayendedwe, mphamvu, zomangamanga zam'madzi, zamlengalenga, zida zopangira zinthu, ndi zina zambiri, kuphatikiza kupanga ma lasers ndi zida za laser, zomwe zachepetsa kwambiri kusiyana ndi mayiko apamwamba kwambiri.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero zochokera ku Semiconductor Industry Association, dziko la China ndilomwe limapanga nsalu zothamanga kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ndi nsalu zazikulu 31 zomwe zimayang'ana kwambiri njira zakukhwima zomwe zikuyembekezeka kumalizidwa kumapeto kwa 2024; Liwirolo laposa kwambiri nsalu 19 zomwe zakonzedwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito ku Taiwan, China panthawi yomweyi, komanso nsalu 12 zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa ku United States.

Posachedwapa, China idalengeza kuti Shanghai Integrated circuit industry yadutsa njira ya 14nm chip ndipo yakwanitsa kupanga zambiri. Kwa ena mwa tchipisi pamwambapa 28nm omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zam'nyumba, magalimoto ndi mauthenga, China imadzitamandira mopitilira muyeso yopanga, ndipo imatha kukwaniritsa kufunikira kwa tchipisi zambiri mkati. Ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa US CHIPS Act, mpikisano waukadaulo wa chip pakati pa China ndi United States ndiwokulirapo, ndipo pangakhale zochulukirapo. 2021  adawona kuchepa kwakukulu kwa tchipisi tochokera ku China.

Laser Processed Chip

Laser amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza tchipisi ta semiconductor

Ma Wafers ndi zida zoyambira zopangira semiconductor ndi tchipisi, zomwe zimafunikira kupukutidwa mwamakina zikakula. M'kupita kwanthawi, kudula mkate, komwe kumatchedwanso kuti wafer dicing, ndikofunikira kwambiri. Ukadaulo woyamba wa DPSS laser wafer cutter wapang'onopang'ono wapangidwa ndikukhwima ku Europe ndi United States. Pamene mphamvu ya lasers ultrafast ikuchulukirachulukira, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake pang'onopang'ono kudzakhala kofala m'tsogolomu, makamaka m'machitidwe monga kudula kwa wafer, mabowo obowola ang'onoang'ono, mayesero otsekedwa a beta. Kuthekera kwa zida za laser ultrafast ndikokulirapo.

Tsopano, pali opanga zida za laser mwatsatanetsatane ku China zomwe zingapereke zida zowotcha zopyapyala, zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamtunda wa mitanda 12 inchi pansi pa 28nm, ndi zida zodulira za laser wafer crypto zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku MEMS tchipisi, tchipisi kukumbukira ndi minda ina yopangira zida zapamwamba kwambiri. Mu 2020, bizinesi yayikulu ya laser ku Shenzhen idapanga zida za laser debonding kuti zizindikire kulekana kwa magawo agalasi ndi silicon, ndipo zidazo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga tchipisi tapamwamba kwambiri.

Laser Kudula Chip Wafer

Chakumapeto kwa 2022, bizinesi ya laser ku Wuhan idatulutsa zida zodulira zosinthidwa zokha zokha, zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pamankhwala a laser padziko lonse lapansi. Chipangizocho chimagwiritsa ntchito laser yolondola kwambiri ya femtosecond komanso mphamvu yotsika kwambiri yamagetsi kuti ipangitse kusintha kwa laser pamwamba pa zida za semiconductor mumtundu wa micron, motero kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a zida za semiconductor optoelectronic. Zida ndi zoyenera mtengo wapamwamba, yopapatiza-channel (≥20um) pawiri semiconductor SiC, GaAs, LiTaO3 ndi ena yopyapyala Chip mkati kusinthidwa kudula, monga tchipisi pakachitsulo, MEMS sensa tchipisi, CMOS tchipisi, etc. 

China ikulimbana ndi zovuta zazikulu zaukadaulo zamakina amtundu wa lithography, zomwe zidzayendetsa kufunikira kwa ma lasers a excimer ndi ma lasers owopsa a ultraviolet okhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito makina amtundu wa lithography, koma palibe kafukufuku wochepa pankhaniyi ku China.

Mitu yokonzekera laser yolondola kwambiri komanso tchipisi zitha kukhala chiwopsezo chotsatira

Chifukwa cha kufooka kwa makampani opanga zida za semiconductor ku China m'mbuyomu, panali kafukufuku wochepa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito tchipisi ta laser, zomwe poyamba zidagwiritsidwa ntchito pophatikizira zinthu zamagetsi zotsika mtengo. M'tsogolomu, msika waukulu wa laser processing mwatsatanetsatane ku China udzasuntha pang'onopang'ono kuchoka pazitsulo zamagetsi kupita ku zipangizo zopangira mtsinje ndi zigawo zazikulu, makamaka kukonzekera zipangizo za semiconductor, biomedical, ndi polima zipangizo.

Njira zochulukirachulukira zogwiritsira ntchito laser mumakampani a semiconductor chip zidzapangidwa. Pazinthu zotsogola kwambiri za chip, kusalumikizana ndi optical processing ndiyo njira yoyenera kwambiri. Ndi kufunikira kwakukulu kwa tchipisi, makampani opanga tchipisi amatha kuthandizira pamzere wotsatira wa zida zopangira laser.