Basa Rakakosha reTekinoroji yeLaser muKugadzira Masero ePhotovoltaic

Sezvo indasitiri ye photovoltaic (PV) ichiramba ichitsvaga kushanda kwepamusoro kwekushandura uye kuderedza mari yekugadzira, tekinoroji yekugadzira yave chinhu chakakosha mukushanda kwemasero uye kukura kwayo. Kubva kuPERC kuenda kuTOPCon neHJT, uye zvakare kuenda kumasero ezuva eperovskite netandem, magadzirirwo emasero ari kuramba achioma ukuwo mahwindo ekugadzira achiramba achiderera. Mukati mekushanduka uku, tekinoroji yelaser yakachinja kubva pakushandisa chishandiso chinotsigira kuenda kusimba guru rekugadzira iro rinotsigira zvizvarwa zvakawanda zvemasero ePV anoshanda zvakanyanya.

Mumitsetse yekugadzira yePERC, kubviswa kwelaser kunogonesa micron-level patterning ye passivation layers kuti igadzire nzvimbo dzakagadzikana dzekubatana. Mukugadzira TOPCon, laser boron doping inoonekwa zvakanyanya senzira huru yekuenda kunoshanda kwemasero anopfuura 26%. Mumasero eperovskite ari kubuda uye etandem, laser scribing inotarisa zvakananga kana kugadzirwa kwenzvimbo yakakura, kwakafanana zvakanyanya kuchikwanisika. Nehunhu hwayo hwekusabatana, kunyatsojeka, uye nzvimbo shoma inokanganiswa nekupisa, tekinoroji yelaser yave chinhu chakakosha chekuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka uye kuvimbika kwekugadzira muindasitiri yePV.

Tekinoroji yeLaser seNheyo Yakafanana Yekugadzira Magadzirirwo Epamusoro ePV

Sezvo tekinoroji dzemasero dzichifambira mberi, vagadziri vanosangana nematambudziko akasiyana-siyana: magadzirirwo akanaka, zvinhu zvinonzwa zviri nyore, uye zvinodiwa zvakanyanya pakuburitsa goho. Kugadziriswa kweLaser kunogadzirisa matambudziko aya kuburikidza nemusanganiswa wehunyanzvi hwakasiyana:
* Kugadzirisa kusina kubatana, kudzivirira kushushikana kwemuchina uye kuputika kudiki
* Kudzora nzvimbo ye micron-level, kwakakodzera marongerwo emasero akanaka uye akaomarara
* Kupinza simba munzvimbo, kupfupika zvakanyanya, kuderedza kukuvara kwekupisa
* Kuenderana kwakanyanya ne otomatiki uye kutonga kwedhijitari maitiro
Hunhu uhwu hunoita kuti tekinoroji yelaser ive nzira inoshanduka-shanduka uye inogoneka kuvandudzwa, inoshanda kubva kumasero e silicon echinyakare kusvika kuzvigadzirwa zve tandem zvechizvarwa chinotevera.

Mashandisirwo Akakosha eLaser MuMainstream Cell Technologies
1. Masero ePERC: Muenzaniso weKugadzira Laser Yakakura
Kubudirira kwemaindasitiri kwetekinoroji yePERC (Passivated Emitter neRear Cell) kwakabatana zvakanyanya nekugadzirwa kwelaser yakakura. Kubviswa kwelaser kunoshandiswa kuvhura aluminium oxide passivation layer parutivi rwekumashure, zvichiita kuti pave nekubatana kwenzvimbo yekumashure ukuwo kuchichengetedza mashandiro epassivation.
Pamusoro pezvo, kushandisa laser selective emitter (SE) doping kunogonesa kushandisa localized heavy doping pasi pe front-side contacts, zvichideredza kuramba kwe contact uye kazhinji zvinovandudza kushanda kwemasero neinenge 0.3%. Kukura uye kugadzikana kwemaitiro aya e laser kwakatsigira kugadzirwa kwenguva refu uye kutonga kwe PERC cells pamusika.

2. TOPCon Cells: Laser Boron Doping senzira yekubudirira
Masero eTOPCon (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact) anoshandisa mawafer esilicon emhando yeN, zvichipa mabhenefiti ekusarudza carrier uye mashandiro emagetsi. Zvisinei, kupararira kweboron muchoto chekupisa kwakanyanya kunounza matambudziko, kusanganisira kushandiswa kwesimba rakawanda, kunonoka kwesimba, uye kuwedzera njodzi yekusimba kwe oxide muchubhu.
Kushandiswa kweLaser boron doping kunogonesa kupisa kwenzvimbo, nekukurumidza zvikuru, zvichibvumira maatomu eboron kupararira munzvimbo dzakatarwa pasina kuisa wafer yese pakupisa kwakanyanya. Nzira iyi inoderedza zvakanyanya kuramba kwekubatana uku ichichengetedza kunaka kwepasi uye inoonekwa senzira yakakosha yekusimudzira kushanda kweTOPCon kupfuura 26%.

3. Masero eHJT: Kunyungudutswa kweLaser-Induced kuti Interface Optimization ishande zvakanaka
Masero eHJT (Heterojunction) anoshandisa silicon layers dzisina chimiro kuti dziite kuti passive surface ishande zvakanaka. Zvisinei, zvikanganiso zve interface zvakaita se dangling bonds zvinogona kutungamira ku carrier recombination.
Laser-induced annealing (LIA) inoshandisa laser irradiation inodzorwa kuti iite kuti hydrogen ifambe panzvimbo isina kusimba/yakachena yesilicon, ichigadzirisa zvikanganiso zviri panzvimbo yacho. Maitiro aya akaratidzwa kuti anovandudza open-circuit voltage (Voc) uye fill factor (FF), zvichiita kuti ive nzira inoshanda yekugadzirisa kushanda zvakanaka kweHJT.

4. Perovskite neTandem Cells: Laser Scribbing yeScalable Integration
Mumasero eperovskite neperovskite/silicon tandem, kugadzirwa kwelaser hakusi chishandiso chekugadzira chete asiwo chinhu chinogonesa kuvakwa. Matanho ekunyora elaser P1, P2, uye P3 anotsanangura kupatsanurwa kweelectrode, kupatsanurwa kwemasero emukati, uye kubatana kwezvikamu.
Zvichienderana nekusasimba uye kugadzikana kwakasiyana-siyana kwekupisa kwema layer anoshanda, kugadzirwa kwelaser—nehunhu hwayo hwekusabata uye hwepamusoro-soro—kwakakosha kuti pave nekushanda kwakasimba uye kufanana mumidziyo yakakura. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kunyora nelaser kunoonekwa seimwe yenzira huru dzekuvandudza maindasitiri emasero etandem.

Maitiro Ekushandisa Laser Pakuderedza Mutengo Uye Kuvandudza Goho
Kunze kwekushandiswa kwemasero chaiwo, tekinoroji yelaser inotsigirawo matanho akati wandei ekugadzira mapuratifomu akasiyana:
* Kutamiswa kwegridline kwakavakirwa paLaser: Kunogonesa maerekitirodhi akapfava uye kugadzikana kuri nani zvichienzaniswa nekudhinda pachikirini, zvichideredza zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwesirivha paste, kunyanya mumabasa ekupisa kwakaderera akadai seHJT.
* Kucheka-cheka kwelaser pasina kukuvara: Kunobvumira kugadziriswa kwehafu-sero nema-cut akawanda nekudzikira kwengozi yekupwanyika kwema micro-crack, zvichivandudza simba rekubuda kwemodule.
* Kupatsanurwa kwemucheto weLaser uye kupfava: Kugadzirisa kukuvara kwemucheto mushure mekucheka, kuderedza kurasikirwa kwekubatanidza uye kubatsira mukubudirira kwemodule-level.
Maitiro aya e laser anoita basa rakakosha mukuderedza mutengo pa watt imwe neimwe ukuwo achivandudza goho rekugadzira.

Kutarisira Kupisa : Nheyo yeKugadzirisa Kwakagadzikana kweLaser
Sezvo kugadzirwa kwePV kuri kufambira mberi pakukwirira kwesimba remagetsi uye kushanda kwenguva refu, kugadzikana kwemaitiro elaser kunowedzera kutsamira pakudzora kwakaringana kwekupisa. Kunyangwe kuchinja kudiki mukubuda kwelaser kunogona kukanganisa zvakananga kuramba kwekubata, kuwanda kwezvikanganiso, kana kugadzikana kwehupamhi hwemutsetse.
Munzvimbo dzekugadzira, masosi elaser nezvikamu zve optical zvinoshanda pasi pemafuta anorema kwenguva refu. Saka masisitimu ekudzora tembiricha akavimbika akakosha kuchengetedza kugadzikana kwesimba relaser, kuderedza kutenderera kwesimba, uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti mhedzisiro yekugadzirisa inodzokororwa. Kutarisirwa kwakanaka kwemafuta elaser, mamodule emagetsi, uye ma optical assembly kunobatsira zvakananga mukukohwa kwakanyanya uye kusimba kwemaitiro, kunyanya kune TOPCon, HJT, uye tandem cells dzine miganho midiki yemaitiro.
Mhinduro dzekudzora tembiricha dzemaindasitiri dzakagadzirirwa mashandisirwo elaser ane simba guru dzinoramba dzichichinja dzichienda pakugadzikana kukuru, kupindura nekukurumidza, uye kuvimbika kwekushanda kwenguva refu, zvichipa hwaro hwakasimba hwekugadzira maPV epamusoro.

Mhedziso
Kubva pakutengeserana kukuru kwemasero ePERC kusvika pakushandiswa nekukurumidza kwetekinoroji dzeTOPCon neHJT, uye zvichienda mberi kusvika pakutsvaga matekinoroji etandem, tekinoroji yelaser inogara ichipfuura nematanho akakosha ekugadzira maseru e photovoltaic. Kunyange zvazvo isingatsananguri muganho wekushanda zvakanaka, inosarudza zvakasimba kana kushanda zvakanaka ikoko kuchigona kugadzirwa nguva dzose, nenzira inodzorwa, uye padanho guru.
Sezvo indasitiri yePV iri kufambira mberi pakuita basa rayo zvakanaka uye kuvimbika kukuru mukugadzira, kugadzirwa kwelaser, pamwe chete nerutsigiro rwesystem-level runovimbisa kugadzikana kwayo, zvicharamba zviri chinhu chikuru chinotungamira kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji uye kuvandudzwa kwemaindasitiri.