Ukusetshenziswa kwe-High-Power Lasers ku-High-tech kanye ne-Heavy Industries

Eminyakeni emithathu edlule, ngenxa yobhubhane, izinga lokukhula kwesidingo se-laser yezimboni liye lehla. Kodwa-ke, intuthuko yobuchwepheshe be-laser ayizange ime. Emkhakheni wama-laser e-fiber, ama-laser e-fiber anamandla aphezulu kakhulu angama-60kW nangaphezulu aye aqaliswa ngokulandelana, esunduza amandla ama-laser ezimboni kwelinye izinga.

Kungakanani isidingo sama-laser anamandla aphezulu angaphezu kwama-watts angu-30,000?

Kuma-laser e-fiber aqhubekayo anemodi eminingi, ukukhulisa amandla ngokufaka amamojula kubonakala kuyindlela okuvunyelwene ngayo. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, amandla akhuphuke ngama-watts ayi-10,000 minyaka yonke. Kodwa-ke, ukuqalwa kokusika nokushisela kwezimboni kwama-laser anamandla aphezulu kakhulu kunzima kakhulu futhi kudinga ukuzinza okuphezulu. Ngo-2022, amandla ama-watts angu-30,000 azosetshenziswa ngezinga elikhulu ekusikeni kwe-laser, kanti ama-watts angu-40,000 emishini okwamanje asesigabeni sokuhlola ukusetshenziswa kwezinga elincane.

Esikhathini sama-laser e-fiber e-kilowatt, amandla angaphansi kuka-6kW angasetshenziswa ukusika nokushisela imikhiqizo yensimbi evame kakhulu, njengezinyusi, izimoto, izindlu zangasese, izinto zasekhishini, ifenisha, kanye ne-chassis, enobukhulu obungadluli u-10mm kokubili izinto zeshidi nezethubhu. Ijubane lokusika le-laser engama-watt ayi-10,000 liphindwe kabili kuneleser engama-watt ayi-6,000, kanti ijubane lokusika le-laser engama-watt ayi-20,000 liphakeme ngaphezu kuka-60% kuneleser engama-watt ayi-10,000. Iphinde yephule umkhawulo wobukhulu futhi ingasika insimbi yekhabhoni ngaphezu kuka-50mm, okuyinto engavamile emikhiqizweni yezimboni ejwayelekile. Ngakho-ke kuthiwani ngama-laser anamandla aphezulu angaphezu kwama-watt ayi-30,000?

Ukusetshenziswa kwama-laser anamandla amakhulu ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokwakha imikhumbi

Ngo-Ephreli walo nyaka, uMongameli waseFrance uMacron wavakashela eShayina, ephelezelwa yizinkampani ezifana ne-Airbus, i-DaFei Shipping, kanye nomhlinzeki kagesi waseFrance i-Électricité de France.

I-Airbus, umkhiqizi wezindiza waseFrance, umemezele isivumelwano sokuthenga ngobuningi neShayina ngezindiza ezingu-160, ngenani eliphelele elingaba ngu-$20 billion. Bazokwakha nomugqa wesibili wokukhiqiza eTianjin. I-China Shipbuilding Group Corporation isayine isivumelwano sokubambisana nenkampani yaseFrance iDaFei Shipping Group, okuhlanganisa nokwakhiwa kwemikhumbi engu-16 emikhulu kakhulu ye-Type 2, enenani elingaphezu kwezigidigidi ezingu-21 zama-yuan. I-China General Nuclear Power Group kanye ne-Électricité de France banokubambisana okuseduze, kanti iTaishan Nuclear Power Plant iyisibonelo esihle.

Imishini ye-laser enamandla amakhulu esukela kuma-watts angu-30,000 kuya ku-50,000 inekhono lokusika amapuleti ensimbi angaphezu kuka-100mm ubukhulu. Ukwakha imikhumbi kuyimboni esebenzisa kakhulu amapuleti ensimbi aqinile, lapho imikhumbi evamile yezentengiselwano inamapuleti ensimbi aqinile angaphezu kuka-25mm ubukhulu, kanye nemikhumbi emikhulu yempahla edlula ngisho no-60mm. Imikhumbi yempi emikhulu kanye nemikhumbi emikhulu kakhulu yezitsha ingasebenzisa izinsimbi ezikhethekile ezinobukhulu obungu-100mm. Ukushiswa kwe-laser kunesivinini esisheshayo, ukuguqulwa okuncane kokushisa kanye nokulungiswa kabusha, ikhwalithi ephezulu yokushiswa, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokugcwalisa okuncishisiwe, kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo ethuthukisiwe kakhulu. Ngokuvela kwama-laser anama-watts ayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi, akusekho mingcele ekusikeni nasekushiseni kwe-laser yokwakha imikhumbi, okuvula amathuba amakhulu okushintsha esikhathini esizayo.

Imikhumbi yokunethezeka yokudoba ibilokhu ibhekwa njengeyona nto evelele embonini yokwakha imikhumbi, ngokwesiko ilawulwa yizindawo ezimbalwa zokudoba imikhumbi njengeFincantieri yase-Italy kanye neMeyer Werft yaseJalimane. Ubuchwepheshe be-laser busetshenziswe kakhulu ekucubungulweni kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezigabeni zokuqala zokwakhiwa kwemikhumbi. Umkhumbi wokuqala wokudoba okhiqizwe ngaphakathi eShayina uhlelwe ukuthi wethulwe ekupheleni kuka-2023. I-China Merchants Group iphinde yathuthukisa ukwakhiwa kwesikhungo sokucubungula i-laser eNantong Haitong sephrojekthi yabo yokukhiqiza imikhumbi yokudoba, ehlanganisa umugqa wokukhiqiza i-laser yokusika nokushisela i-thin plate enamandla amakhulu. Lo mkhuba wokusetshenziswa kulindeleke ukuthi ungene kancane kancane emikhunjini yezentengiselwano yabantu abavamile. IShayina inemiyalo eminingi yokwakha imikhumbi emhlabeni, futhi indima yama-laser ekusikeni nasekushiseleni amapuleti ensimbi amakhulu izoqhubeka nokukhula.

Ukusetshenziswa kwama-laser angu-10kW+ ezindiza

Izinhlelo zokuthutha izindiza zifaka kakhulu amarokhethi nezindiza zezentengiselwano, kanti ukunciphisa isisindo kuyinto ebalulekile ekucatshangelweni. Lokhu kubeka izidingo ezintsha zokusika nokushisela i-aluminium kanye ne-titanium alloys. Ubuchwepheshe be-laser bubalulekile ekufezeni izinqubo zokuhlanganisa ukushisela nokusika ngokunemba okuphezulu. Ukuvela kwama-laser anamandla aphezulu angu-10kW+ kulethe ukuthuthukiswa okuphelele ensimini yezindiza maqondana nekhwalithi yokusika, ukusebenza kahle kokusika, kanye nobuhlakani obuhlanganisiwe obuphezulu.

Enqubweni yokukhiqiza embonini yezindiza, kunezingxenye eziningi ezidinga ukusika nokushisela, okuhlanganisa amakamelo okushisa injini, izimbobo zenjini, ozimele bezindiza, amaphaneli ephiko lomsila, izakhiwo zezinyosi, kanye nama-rotor amakhulu endiza enophephela emhlane. Lezi zingxenye zinezidingo eziqinile kakhulu zokuhlangana kokusika nokushisela.

I-Airbus ibilokhu isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-laser obunamandla amakhulu isikhathi eside. Ekukhiqizweni kwendiza ye-A340, wonke ama-bulkhead angaphakathi e-aluminium alloy ashiselwe kusetshenziswa ama-laser. Intuthuko ithuthukisiwe ekushiseni izikhumba ze-fuselage kanye nezintambo nge-laser, okuye kwaqaliswa kwi-Airbus A380. I-China iphumelele ekuvivinyeni indiza enkulu ye-C919 ekhiqizwe ngaphakathi futhi izoyiletha kulo nyaka. Kukhona namaphrojekthi esikhathi esizayo njengokuthuthukiswa kwe-C929. Kungabonwa kusengaphambili ukuthi ama-laser azoba nendawo ekukhiqizweni kwezindiza zezentengiselwano esikhathini esizayo.

Ubuchwepheshe be-laser bungasiza ekwakhiweni okuphephile kwezikhungo zamandla enuzi

Amandla enuzi ayindlela entsha yamandla ahlanzekile, kanti i-United States neFrance banobuchwepheshe obuthuthuke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwezikhungo zamandla enuzi. Amandla enuzi aqukethe cishe u-70% wokunikezwa kukagesi eFrance, kanti iShayina yabambisana neFrance ezigabeni zokuqala zezikhungo zayo zamandla enuzi. Ukuphepha kuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu sezikhungo zamandla enuzi, futhi kunezingxenye eziningi zensimbi ezinemisebenzi yokuvikela edinga ukusika noma ukushisela.

Ubuchwepheshe bokushisela be-laser intelligent tracking MAG obuthuthukiswe ngokuzimela eShayina busetshenziswe ngobuningi edomeni nasebhareleni lensimbi lama-Units 7 no-8 eTianwan Nuclear Power Plant. Irobhothi lokuqala lokushisela le-nuclear-grade penetration sleeve liyalungiswa njengamanje.

Ngokulandela ukuthambekela kokuthuthukiswa kwe-laser, iTeyu yethule amandla aphezulu kakhulu e-CWFL-60000 i-fiber laser chiller .

I-Teyu ihambisane nomkhuba wokuthuthukiswa kwe-laser futhi ithuthukise futhi yakhiqiza i-CWFL-60000 ultrahigh power fiber laser chiller, enikeza ukupholisa okuzinzile kwemishini ye-laser engu-60kW . Ngohlelo lokulawula izinga lokushisa oluzimele kabili, iyakwazi ukupholisa ikhanda le-laser elinokushisa okuphezulu kanye nomthombo we-laser onokushisa okuphansi, ihlinzeka ngomkhiqizo ozinzile wemishini ye-laser futhi iqinisekise ngempumelelo ukusebenza okusheshayo nokuphumelelayo kwemishini yokusika i-laser enamandla aphezulu.

Intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe be-laser ibangele imakethe ebanzi yemishini yokucubungula i-laser. Ngamathuluzi afanele kuphela lapho umuntu angahlala phambili emncintiswaneni omkhulu wemakethe. Njengoba kunesidingo sokuguqulwa nokuthuthukiswa kwezicelo eziphezulu njengezindiza, ukwakhiwa kwemikhumbi, kanye namandla enuzi, isidingo sokucubungula insimbi ejiyile siyakhula, futhi ama-laser anamandla aphezulu azosiza ekuthuthukisweni okusheshayo kwemboni. Esikhathini esizayo, ama-laser anamandla aphezulu kakhulu anamandla angaphezu kwama-watts angu-30,000 azosetshenziswa kakhulu emikhakheni yezimboni esindayo njengamandla omoya, amandla e-hydropower, amandla enuzi, ukwakhiwa kwemikhumbi, imishini yezimayini, izindiza, kanye nezindiza.