Ukusetyenziswa kweLaser eziMandla aphezulu kwiMizi-mveliso yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kunye neMizi-mveliso enzima

Kwiminyaka emithathu edlulileyo, ngenxa yobhubhane, izinga lokukhula kwemfuno ye-laser yemizi-mveliso liye lehla. Nangona kunjalo, uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji ye-laser aluzange luyeke. Kwicandelo le-fiber lasers, ii-fiber lasers ezinamandla aphezulu kakhulu angama-60kW nangaphezulu ziye zaqaliswa ngokulandelelana, zityhala amandla e-industrial lasers kwelinye inqanaba.

Ingakanani imfuno ekhoyo ye-laser enamandla aphezulu ngaphezu kwama-watts angama-30,000?

Kwi-laser yefayibha eqhubekekayo yeendlela ezininzi, ukunyusa amandla ngokongeza iimodyuli kubonakala kuyindlela evunyelwene ngayo. Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, amandla anyuke ngama-watts ayi-10,000 minyaka le. Nangona kunjalo, ukwenziwa kokusika kunye nokuwelda kwemizi-mveliso kwii-laser zamandla aphezulu kakhulu kunzima ngakumbi kwaye kufuna uzinzo oluphezulu. Ngo-2022, amandla angama-watts angama-30,000 aza kusetyenziswa ngomlinganiselo omkhulu ekusikeni kwe-laser, kwaye ii-watts ezingama-40,000 zezixhobo okwangoku zikwinqanaba lokuhlola ukusetyenziswa komlinganiselo omncinci.

Ngexesha le-kilowatt fiber lasers, amandla angaphantsi kwe-6kW angasetyenziselwa ukusika nokuwelda iimveliso zesinyithi eziqhelekileyo, ezifana neelifti, iimoto, izindlu zangasese, izixhobo zasekhitshini, ifenitshala, kunye ne-chassis, kunye nobukhulu obungadluli kwi-10mm kwizinto zeshiti kunye neetyhubhu. Isantya sokusika se-10,000-watt laser siphindwe kabini kune-6,000-watt laser, kwaye isantya sokusika se-20,000-watt laser singaphezulu kwama-60% kunese-10,000-watt laser. Ikwaphula umda wobukhulu kwaye ingasika intsimbi yekhabhoni ngaphezulu kwe-50mm, into engaqhelekanga kwiimveliso zoshishino ngokubanzi. Kuthekani ke nge-high power lasers ngaphezulu kwe-30,000 watts?

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-laser enamandla aphezulu ukuphucula umgangatho wokwakha iinqanawa

Ngo-Epreli walo nyaka, uMongameli waseFransi uMacron utyelele iTshayina, ehamba neenkampani ezifana neAirbus, iDaFei Shipping, kunye nomthengisi wombane waseFransi i-Électricité de France.

I-Airbus, umenzi weenqwelo-moya waseFransi, ibhengeze isivumelwano sokuthenga ngobuninzi neTshayina ngeenqwelo-moya ezili-160, ezixabisa malunga ne-$20 yeebhiliyoni. Baza kwakha umgca wesibini wemveliso eTianjin. I-China Shipbuilding Group Corporation ityikitye isivumelwano sokusebenzisana nenkampani yaseFransi iDaFei Shipping Group, kuquka ukwakhiwa kweenqanawa ezili-16 ezinkulu kakhulu ze-Type 2, ezixabisa ngaphezulu kwe-21 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan. I-China General Nuclear Power Group kunye ne-Électricité de France zinentsebenziswano esondeleyo, kunye neTaishan Nuclear Power Plant engumzekelo oqhelekileyo.

Izixhobo zelaser ezinamandla aphezulu ukusuka kwi-30,000 ukuya kwi-50,000 watts zinamandla okusika iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingaphezu kwe-100mm ubukhulu. Ukwakha iinqanawa lishishini elisebenzisa kakhulu iipleyiti zesinyithi ezixineneyo, apho iinqanawa zorhwebo eziqhelekileyo zineepleyiti zentsimbi ezixineneyo ezingaphezu kwe-25mm ubukhulu, kwaye iinqanawa ezinkulu zemithwalo zidlula i-60mm. Iinqanawa ezinkulu zemfazwe kunye neenqanawa ezinkulu kakhulu zesikhongozeli zinokusebenzisa iintsimbi ezikhethekileyo ezinobukhulu be-100mm. Ukuwelda ngelaser kunesantya esikhawulezayo, ukuguqulwa kobushushu okuncinci kunye nokulungiswa kwakhona, umgangatho ophezulu wokuwelda, ukusetyenziswa kwezinto zokuzalisa okuncitshisiweyo, kunye nomgangatho wemveliso ophuculwe kakhulu. Ngokuvela kweelaser ezinamandla angamashumi amawaka eewatts, akusekho mida ekusikeni ngelaser kunye nokuwelda ekwakheni iinqanawa, okuvula amathuba amakhulu okutshintshwa kwixesha elizayo.

Iinqanawa zokhenketho zodidi oluphezulu zithathwa njengeyona nto iphambili kushishino lokwakha iinqanawa, ngokwesiko zilawulwa ziinkampani ezimbalwa zeenqanawa ezifana neFincantieri yase-Itali kunye neMeyer Werft yaseJamani. Ubuchwepheshe belaser busetyenziswe kakhulu ekucutshungulweni kwezinto kwizigaba zokuqala zokwakha iinqanawa. Inqanawa yokuqala yokhenketho eyenziwe ekhaya eTshayina icetyelwe ukuqaliswa ekupheleni kuka-2023. I-China Merchants Group ikwaqhubele phambili ukwakhiwa kweziko lokucubungula ilaser eNantong Haitong kwiprojekthi yabo yokuvelisa iinqanawa zokhenketho, equka umgca wokuvelisa i-laser enamandla amakhulu kunye nokuwelda ipleyiti encinci. Olu hlobo lwesicelo kulindeleke ukuba lungene kancinci kancinci kwiinqanawa zorhwebo zabantu. I-China inezona miyalelo zokwakha iinqanawa ezininzi kwihlabathi, kwaye indima yeelaser ekusikeni nasekuweldingni kweepleyiti zesinyithi ezikhulu iya kuqhubeka ikhula.

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-laser ye-10kW+ kwi-aerospace

Iinkqubo zothutho lweenqwelo-moya ziquka ikakhulu iirokethi kunye neenqwelo-moya zorhwebo, apho ukunciphisa ubunzima kuyeyona nto iphambili ekufuneka iqwalaselwe. Oku kubeka iimfuno ezintsha zokusika nokuwelda ii-aluminium kunye nee-titanium alloys. Itekhnoloji yelaser ibalulekile ekufezekiseni iinkqubo zokuwelda nokuwelda ezichanekileyo kakhulu. Ukuvela kwee-laser ezinamandla aphezulu ze-10kW+ kuzise uphuculo olupheleleyo kwicandelo leenqwelo-moya ngokubhekiselele kumgangatho wokusika, ukusebenza kakuhle kokusika, kunye nobukrelekrele obuphezulu.

Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa kwishishini leenqwelo-moya, kukho izinto ezininzi ezifuna ukusika nokuwelda, kuquka amagumbi okutsha kwenjini, iikhabhathi zenjini, iifreyimu zeenqwelo-moya, iiphaneli zamaphiko ezisemva, izakhiwo zehoneycomb, kunye neerotor eziphambili zehelikopta. Ezi zinto zineemfuno ezingqongqo kakhulu zokudibanisa ukusika nokuwelda.

I-Airbus ibisoloko isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-laser obunamandla amakhulu ixesha elide. Ekwenzeni inqwelo-moya ye-A340, zonke ii-bulkheads zangaphakathi ze-aluminium alloy zidityaniswa kusetyenziswa ii-laser. Inkqubela phambili yenziwe ekudibaniseni i-laser ye-fuselage skins kunye nee-stringers, okuye kwenziwa kwi-Airbus A380. I-China iphumelele ukuvavanya inqwelo-moya enkulu ye-C919 eyenziwe ekhaya kwaye iza kuyizisa kulo nyaka. Kukwakho neeprojekthi zexesha elizayo ezifana nophuhliso lwe-C929. Kunokubonwa kwangaphambili ukuba ii-laser ziya kuba nendawo ekuveliseni iinqwelo-moya zorhwebo kwixesha elizayo.

Itekhnoloji yelaser inokunceda ekwakhiweni ngokukhuselekileyo kwezixhobo zamandla enyukliya

Amandla enyukliya luhlobo olutsha lwamandla acocekileyo, kwaye iMelika neFransi zineteknoloji ephucukileyo ekwakheni izitishi zamandla enyukliya. Amandla enyukliya amalunga nama-70% ombane waseFransi, kwaye iTshayina isebenzisana neFransi kwizigaba zokuqala zezixhobo zayo zamandla enyukliya. Ukhuseleko lolona candelo lubalulekileyo lwezixhobo zamandla enyukliya, kwaye kukho izinto ezininzi zesinyithi ezinemisebenzi yokukhusela efuna ukusika okanye ukuwelda.

Itekhnoloji yokuthunga ye-laser ehlakaniphileyo yokulandelela i-MAG ephuhliswe ngokuzimeleyo eTshayina isetyenzisiwe ngobuninzi kwi-dome yentsimbi kunye ne-barrel yeeYunithi 7 kunye ne-8 kwiSitishi saMandla eNyukliya saseTianwan. Irobhothi yokuqala yokuthunga ye-penetration sleeve ye-nuclear-grade penetration sleeve iyalungiswa okwangoku.

Elandela umkhwa wophuhliso lwelaser, iTeyu yaqalisa amandla aphezulu kakhulu eCWFL-60000 i-fiber laser chiller .

I-Teyu iqhubekile nophuhliso lwe-laser kwaye iphuhlise kwaye ivelise i-CWFL-60000 ultrahigh power fiber laser chiller, ebonelela ukupholisa okuzinzileyo kwezixhobo zelaser ezingama-60kW . Ngenkqubo yolawulo lobushushu ezimeleyo kabini, iyakwazi ukupholisa intloko yelaser enobushushu obuphezulu kunye nomthombo welaser enobushushu obuphantsi, ibonelela ngemveliso ezinzileyo yezixhobo zelaser kwaye iqinisekisa ngokufanelekileyo ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo koomatshini bokusika ilaser abanobushushu obuphezulu.

Inkqubela phambili kubuchwepheshe be-laser ibangele imakethi ebanzi yezixhobo zokucubungula i-laser. Kuphela ngezixhobo ezifanelekileyo apho umntu anokuhlala phambili kukhuphiswano olukhulu lwemarike. Ngenxa yesidingo sokuguqulwa nokuphuculwa kwezicelo eziphezulu ezifana neenqwelo moya, ukwakhiwa kweenqanawa, kunye namandla enyukliya, imfuno yokucubungula intsimbi etyebileyo iyanda, kwaye ii-laser ezinamandla aphezulu ziya kunceda ekuphuhliseni ngokukhawuleza kolu shishino. Kwixesha elizayo, ii-laser ezinamandla aphezulu kakhulu ezinamandla angaphezu kwama-30,000 watts ziya kusetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiindawo zoshishino ezinzima ezifana namandla omoya, amandla e-hydropower, amandla enyukliya, ukwakhiwa kweenqanawa, oomatshini bemigodi, i-aerospace, kunye neenqwelo moya.