Ukusika i-laser cishe kuyindlela yokusika ethuthuke kakhulu emhlabeni. Iyakwazi ukusika kokubili izinto zensimbi nezingezona ezensimbi. Noma ngabe usembonini yezimoto, imishini yobunjiniyela noma imboni yezinto zikagesi zasekhaya, ungabona kaningi umkhondo wokusika kwe-laser. Ukusika i-laser kuhlanganisa izici ezifana nokukhiqiza ukunemba okuphezulu, ukuguquguquka okuphezulu, ikhono lokusika isimo esingajwayelekile nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu. Ingakwazi ukuxazulula izinselele izindlela zendabuko ezingakwazanga ukuzixazulula. Namuhla, sizokutshela ulwazi oluyisisekelo lobuchwepheshe bokusika i-laser.
Isimiso sokusebenza sokusika kwe-laserUkusika i-laser kufakwe ijeneretha ye-laser ekhipha ugongolo lwe-laser olunamandla. I-laser beam izobe isigxiliswa ilensi futhi yakhe indawo encane kakhulu yokukhanya kwamandla aphezulu. Ngokugxilisa indawo yokukhanya ezindaweni ezifanele, izinto ezisetshenziswayo zizomunca amandla esibani se-laser bese ziyahwamuka, zincibilike, zishise noma zifinyelele indawo yokuthungela. Khona-ke umoya osizayo womfutho ophezulu (CO2, Oxygen, Nitrogen) uzophephula insalela yemfucuza. Ikhanda le-laser lishayelwa i-servo motor elawulwa uhlelo futhi ihamba ngomzila onqunywe kusengaphambili ezintweni zokwakha ukuze isike izingcezu zomsebenzi zomumo ohlukene.
Izigaba zamajeneretha we-laser (imithombo ye-laser)
Ukukhanya kungahlukaniswa ngokukhanya okubomvu, ukukhanya okuwolintshi, ukukhanya okuphuzi, ukukhanya okuluhlaza nokunye. Ingamuncwa noma ibonakale ngezinto. Ukukhanya kwe-laser nakho kuyakhanya. Futhi ukukhanya kwe-laser okunobude beza obuhlukene kunezici ezihlukene. Indlela yokuzuza yejeneretha ye-laser okuyindlela eshintsha ugesi ube yi-laser inquma ubude begagasi, amandla okukhipha kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-laser. Futhi indlela yokuthola ingaba yigesi, isimo se-liquid kanye nesimo esiqinile.
1.I-laser yesimo segesi ejwayelekile kakhulu yi-CO2 laser;
2.I-laser yesimo esiqinile ejwayelekile kakhulu ihlanganisa i-fiber laser, i-YAG laser, i-laser diode kanye ne-ruby laser;
3.I-Liquid state laser isebenzisa uketshezi oluthile njenge-organic solvent njengendlela yokusebenza ukukhiqiza ukukhanya kwe-laser.
Izinto ezihlukene zimunca ukukhanya kwe-laser kwamaza ahlukene. Ngakho-ke, i-laser generator kufanele ikhethwe ngokucophelela. Embonini yezimoto, i-laser esetshenziswa kakhulu i-fiber laser.
Izindlela zokusebenza zomthombo we-laserUmthombo we-laser uvame ukuba nezindlela zokusebenza ezi-3: imodi eqhubekayo, imodi yokushintshashintsha kanye nemodi yokushaya kwenhliziyo.
Ngaphansi kwemodi eqhubekayo, amandla okukhipha e-laser awashintshi. Lokhu kwenza ukushisa okungena ezintweni kulingane, ngakho kulungele ukusika isivinini. Lokhu akukwazi nje ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokusebenza kodwa futhi kwenza umphumela wendawo ethinta ukushisa ube mubi.
Ngaphansi kwemodi yokushintshashintsha, amandla okukhipha e-laser alingana nomsebenzi wejubane lokusika. Ingakwazi ukugcina ukushisa okungena ezintweni ezingeni eliphansi ngokuqhathanisa ngokukhawulela amandla endaweni ngayinye ukuze kugwenywe umkhawulo wokusika ongalingani. Njengoba ukulawula kwayo kuyinkimbinkimbi encane, ukusebenza kahle kokusebenza akuphakeme futhi kungasetshenziswa isikhathi esifushane kuphela.
Imodi ye-Pulse ingahlukaniswa ngemodi ye-pulse evamile, imodi ye-super pulse kanye nemodi ye-super-intense pulse. Kodwa umehluko wabo omkhulu umehluko kuphela wokuqina. Abasebenzisi bangenza isinqumo ngokususelwa kuzici zezinto kanye nokunemba kwesakhiwo.
Ukufingqa, i-laser ivamise ukusebenza ngaphansi kwemodi eqhubekayo. Kodwa ukuze uthole ikhwalithi yokusika elungiselelwe, ezinhlotsheni ezithile zezinto zokwakha, kuyadingeka ukulungisa isivinini sokuphakelayo, njengokusheshisa, ukusika isivinini nokubambezeleka lapho ujika. Ngakho-ke, ngaphansi kwemodi eqhubekayo, akwanele nje ukwehlisa amandla. Amandla e-laser kufanele alungiswe ngokushintsha ishayela.
Ipharamitha yokusetha i-laser cuttingNgokwezidingo ezahlukene zomkhiqizo, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqhubeke ulungisa imingcele ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezihlukene ukuze uthole imingcele engcono kakhulu. Ukunemba okukodwa kokuma kokusika kwe-laser kungase kufike ku-0.08mm futhi ukunemba kokuma okuphindaphindiwe kungase kufike ku-0.03mm. Kodwa esimweni sangempela, ukubekezelelana okuncane kufana ± 0.05mm ngokuvula indawo kanye ± 0.2mm indawo imbobo.
Izinto ezihlukene kanye nogqinsi oluhlukene kudinga amandla ahlukene okuncibilika. Ngakho-ke, amandla okukhipha adingekayo we-laser ahlukile. Emkhiqizweni, abanikazi befekthri badinga ukwenza ibhalansi phakathi kwejubane lokukhiqiza nekhwalithi futhi bakhethe amandla afanelekayo okukhiphayo kanye nesivinini sokusika. Ngakho-ke, indawo yokusika ingaba namandla afanele futhi izinto ezibonakalayo zingancibilika ngokuphumelelayo.
Ukusebenza kahle kokuthi i-laser iphendulela ugesi amandla e-laser cishe ku-30% -35%. Lokho kusho ukuthi ngamandla okokufaka acishe abe ngu-4285W~5000W, amandla okukhiphayo azungeze u-1500W kuphela. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okufakwayo kwangempela kukhulu kakhulu kunamandla okukhiphayo okuzisholo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngokomthetho wokongiwa kwamandla, amanye amandla aphenduka abe ukushisa, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukwengeza
izimboni amanzi chiller.
S&A ingumkhiqizi we-chiller onokwethenjelwa onesipiliyoni seminyaka engu-19 embonini ye-laser. Ama-chiller wamanzi ezimboni ewakhiqizayo afanele ukupholisa ama-laser anhlobonhlobo. I-fiber laser, i-CO2 laser, i-UV laser, i-ultrafast laser, i-laser diode, i-YAG laser, ukusho okumbalwa. Konke kwe S&A ama-chiller akhiwe ngezinto ezihlolwe isikhathi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okungenazinkinga ukuze abasebenzisi baqiniseke ukuthi bayawasebenzisa.
