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He mea noa te tukatuka taiaho i roto i tō tātou oranga o ia rā, ā, he tokomaha o tātou e mōhio ana ki tēnei mea. Tērā pea ka rongo pinepine koe i ngā kupu taiaho nanosecond, taiaho picosecond, taiaho femtosecond. Nō te taiaho tino tere katoa ēnei. Engari e mōhio ana koe me pēhea te wehewehe i a rātou?
Tuatahi, me mārama tātou he aha te tikanga o ēnei "tuarua".
1 nanohekona = 10-9 tuarua
1 pikohekona = 10-12 tuarua
1 femtohekona = 10-15 tuarua
Nō reira, ko te rerekētanga nui i waenga i te taiaho nanohekona, te taiaho picohekona me te taiaho femtohekona kei roto i te roa o tō rātou wā.
Te tikanga o te taiaho utlrafast
I ngā rā o mua, i ngana te tangata ki te whakamahi i te rēseri hei mahi miihini iti. Heoi, nā te mea he roa te whānui o te pā o te rēseri tuku iho, ā, he iti te kaha o te rēseri, he ngāwari te rewa me te mimiti haere o ngā rauemi e tukatukahia ana. Ahakoa ka taea te arotahi i te hihi rēseri ki tētahi wāhi rēseri iti rawa, he nui tonu te pānga o te wera ki ngā rauemi, ā, ka whakawhāiti i te tika o te tukatuka. Mā te whakaiti i te pānga wera anake ka taea te whakapai ake i te kounga o te tukatuka.
Engari i te wā e mahi ana te taiaho tere rawa ki ngā rauemi, ka nui te rerekētanga o te pānga tukatuka. I te pikinga nui o te kaha o te pā, ka nui te kaha o te mātotoru mana teitei ki te tango i ngā hiko o waho. Nā te mea he poto noa te taunekeneke i waenga i te taiaho tere rawa me ngā rauemi, kua tangohia kētia te katote ki runga i te mata o te rauemi i mua i te kawe i te kaha ki ngā rauemi e karapoti ana, nō reira kāore he pānga wera e pā ki ngā rauemi e karapoti ana. Nō reira, e mōhiotia ana hoki te tukatuka taiaho tere rawa ko te tukatuka makariri.
He whānuitia ngā whakamahinga o te taiaho tere rawa i roto i ngā mahi ahumahi. Kei raro nei ka whakahuatia ētahi:
1. Te keri poka
I roto i te hoahoa o te papa hiko, ka tīmata te tangata ki te whakamahi i te turanga uku hei whakakapi i te turanga kirihou tuku iho kia pai ake ai te kawe wera. Hei hono i ngā wāhanga hiko, me keri ngā mano o ngā kōhao iti o te taumata μm ki runga i te papa. Nō reira, he mea nui te pupuri i te pumau o te turanga me te kore e pokanoa ki te whakauru wera i te wā e keri ana i te kōhao. Ā, ko te picosecond lase te taputapu tino pai.
Mā te rēhia picosecond ka taea te keri poka mā te patupatu, ā, ka mau tonu te ōritetanga o te poka. Haunga te papa hiko, ka taea hoki te whakamahi i te rēhia picosecond hei keri poka kounga teitei ki te kiriata angiangi kirihou, te kiriata haurua-ira, te kiriata whakarewa me te hapaira.
2. Te tuhi me te tapahi
Ka taea te hanga i tētahi rārangi mā te matawai tonu hei whakakikorua i te pā o te taiaho. Me nui te matawai hei whakauru hohonu ki roto i ngā uku kia tae rā anō te rārangi ki te 1/6 o te matotoru o te rauemi. Kātahi ka wehea ia waeine takitahi mai i te turanga uku me ēnei rārangi. Ka kiia tēnei momo wehewehe ko te tuhi.
Ko tētahi atu tikanga wehewehe ko te tapahi ā-pūwero laser. Me tango te rauemi kia tapatapahia rawatia.
Mō te tuhi me te tapahi i runga ake nei, ko te taiaho pikohekona me te taiaho nanohekona ngā kōwhiringa tino pai.
3. Te tango paninga
Ko tētahi atu whakamahinga miihini iti o te taiaho tere rawa ko te tango paninga. Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te tango tika i te paninga me te kore e kino, e kore rānei e kino iti ki ngā rauemi turanga. Ka taea te tango i ngā rārangi o te whānui o ētahi maikiromita, te rahi rānei o ētahi henimita tapawhā. Nā te mea he iti ake te whānui o te paninga i te whānui o te tango, kāore te wera e whakawhiti ki te taha. Nā tēnei ka tino tika te taiaho nanohekona.
He nui te pūmanawa o te reihi tere rawa, ā, he mea whakamīharo hoki tōna āhua. Kāore e hiahiatia he tukatuka-muri, he ngāwari te whakauru, he pai te tukatuka, he iti te whakamahinga rauemi, he iti te parahanga taiao. Kua whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i ngā motuka, ngā hikohiko, ngā taputapu, ngā mīhini hanga, me ētahi atu. Kia tika ai te oma o te reihi tere rawa mō te wā roa, me pupuri tonu tōna pāmahana. He tino pai ngā pouaka whakamatao wai kawe a S&A Teyu CWUP raupapa mō te whakamatao i ngā reihi tere rawa tae atu ki te 30W. He tino teitei te tika o ēnei waeine pouaka whakamatao reihi, arā, ±0.1℃, ā, e tautoko ana i te mahi whakawhitiwhiti Modbus 485. Mā te paipa i hangaia tika, kua tino iti te tūponotanga o te whakaputa mirumiru, ā, ka whakaitihia te pānga ki te reihi tere rawa.
![pouaka whakamatao wai kawe]( "pouaka whakamatao wai kawe")
