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Ukucutshungulwa kwe-laser kuvame kakhulu empilweni yethu yansuku zonke futhi abaningi bethu bajwayelene nakho. Ungase uzwe ngokuvamile ukuthi amagama nanosecond laser, picosecond laser, femtosecond laser. Bonke bangabase-laser esheshayo. Kodwa uyazi ukuthi ungawahlukanisa kanjani?
Okokuqala, ake sithole ukuthi lezi “zesibili” zisho ukuthini.
1 nanosecond = 10-9 okwesibili
1 isekhondi = 10-12 okwesibili
1 femtosecond = 10-15 okwesibili
Ngakho-ke, umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-nanosecond laser, i-picosecond laser ne-femtosecond laser usesikhathini sazo sesikhathi.
Incazelo ye-laser utlrafast
Kudala, abantu bazama ukusebenzisa i-laser ukwenza i-micromachining. Kodwa-ke, njengoba i-laser yendabuko inobubanzi be-pulse ende kanye nomfutho we-laser ophansi, izinto ezizocutshungulwa kulula ukuncibilika futhi ziqhubeke zihwamuka. Yize i-laser beam ingagxilwa endaweni encane kakhulu ye-laser, umthelela wokushisa ezintweni usemkhulu impela, okhawulela ukunemba kokucubungula. Ukunciphisa kuphela umphumela wokushisa kungathuthukisa ikhwalithi yokucubungula.
Kepha lapho i-laser ye-ultrafast isebenza ezintweni zokwakha, umphumela wokucubungula unoshintsho olukhulu. Njengoba amandla okushaya kwenhliziyo enyuka kakhulu, ukuminyana kwamandla aphezulu kunamandla ngokwanele ukucisha izinto zikagesi zangaphandle. Njengoba ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-laser esheshayo nezinto ezisetshenziswayo kukufushane kakhulu, i-ion isivele ichithiwe endaweni ebonakalayo ngaphambi kokuba idlulisele amandla ezintweni ezizungezile, ngakho-ke akukho mphumela wokushisa ozolethwa ezintweni ezizungezile. Ngakho-ke, i-ultrafast laser processing yaziwa nangokuthi ukucubungula okubandayo.
Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo ze-laser esheshayo ekukhiqizeni izimboni. Ngezansi sizobala ezimbalwa:
1.Ukubhoboza imigodi
Emklamo webhodi lesifunda, abantu baqala ukusebenzisa isisekelo se-ceramics ukuze bathathe indawo yesisekelo sepulasitiki sendabuko ukuze babone ukushisa okungcono kakhulu. Ukuze uxhume izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi, izinkulungwane zezimbobo ezincane zezinga lika-μm zidinga ukubhobozwa ebhodini. Ngakho-ke, ukugcina isisekelo sizinzile ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa okokufaka ukushisa ngesikhathi sokubhoboza imbobo sekubaluleke kakhulu. Futhi picosecond lase iyithuluzi ekahle.
I-laser ye-Picosecond ibona ukubhobozwa kwembobo ngokubhoboza okuyisicefe futhi igcina ukufana kwembobo. Ngaphezu kwebhodi lesifunda, i-picosecond laser iyasebenza futhi ekwenzeni imbobo yekhwalithi ephezulu kufilimu encane yepulasitiki, i-semiconductor, ifilimu yensimbi nesafire.
2.Ukubhala nokusika
Umugqa ungakhiwa ngokuskena okuqhubekayo ukuze umboze ukushaya kwe-laser. Lokhu kudinga inani elikhulu lokuskena ukuze ungene ujule phakathi kwezitsha zobumba kuze kube yilapho umugqa usufinyelele ku-1/6 wogqinsi lwempahla. Bese uhlukanisa imojuli ngayinye kusisekelo se-ceramics kanye nale migqa. Lolu hlobo lokuhlukanisa lubizwa nge-scribing.
Enye indlela yokuhlukanisa i-pulse laser ablation cutting. Kudinga ukucwiliswa kwempahla kuze kube yilapho isisikwe ngokuphelele.
Ngokubhala nokusika okungenhla, i-picosecond laser kanye ne-nanosecond laser yizinketho ezifanele.
3.Ukususwa kwe-coating
Okunye ukusetshenziswa kwe-micromachining ye-ultrafast laser ukususwa kwe-coating. Lokhu kusho ukususa ngokunembile i-coating ngaphandle kokulimaza noma ukulimaza kancane izinto eziyisisekelo. I-ablation ingaba imigqa yama-micrometer ambalwa ububanzi noma isikali esikhulu samasentimitha-skwele amaningana. Njengoba ububanzi bokugqoka buncane kakhulu kunobubanzi be-ablation, ukushisa ngeke kudlulisele ohlangothini. Lokhu kwenza i-nanosecond laser ifaneleke kakhulu.
I-Ultrafast laser inamandla amakhulu nekusasa elithembisayo. Ayifaki ukucubungula okudingekile, ukuhlanganisa kalula, ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula okuphezulu, ukusetshenziswa okuphansi kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ukungcoliswa kwemvelo okuphansi. Isetshenziswe kabanzi kuzimoto, izinto zikagesi, izinto zikagesi, ukukhiqizwa kwemishini, njll. Ukuze kugcinwe i-laser esheshayo isebenza ngokunembile esikhathini eside, izinga lokushisa layo kufanele ligcinwe kahle. S&A Uchungechunge lwe-Teyu CWUP ama-chillers aphathwayo alungele kakhulu ukupholisa ama-laser asheshayo afika ku-30W. Lawa mayunithi e-laser chiller afaka izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokunemba elingu-±0.1℃ futhi asekela umsebenzi wokuxhumana we-Modbus 485. Ngepayipi eliklanywe kahle, ithuba lokukhiqiza ibhamuza selincane kakhulu, okwehlisa umthelela ku-laser esheshayo.
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